Question 1

The patellar tendon reflex is a

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioned reflex.
B)   stretch reflex.
C)   withdrawal reflex.
D)   monosynaptic reflex.
E)   both B and DF) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 2

The motor neuron illustrated here is

Accepted Answer

A)   a spindle afferent neuron.
B)   an intrafusal neuron.
C)   an extrafusal neuron.
D)   an agonist neuron.
E)   an antagonist neuron.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 3

The decussation in the medullary pyramids is part of the

Accepted Answer

A)   dorsolateral corticospinal tract.
B)   dorsolateral corticorubrospinal tract.
C)   ventromedial corticospinal tract.
D)   ventromedial cortico-brainstem-spinal tract.
E)   both C and DF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 4

The consequences of widespread cerebellar damage include

Accepted Answer

A)   difficulty in maintaining steady postures.
B)   inability to precisely control the direction, force, velocity, and amplitude of movements.
C)   inability to adapt patterns of motor output to changing conditions.
D)   severe disturbances of balance, gait, speech, and eye movement.
E)   all of the aboveF) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 5

Like the sensory systems, the sensorimotor system is

Accepted Answer

A)   hierarchical.
B)   parallel.
C)   functionally segregated.
D)   all of the above
E)   none of the aboveF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

Two muscles whose contraction produces the same movement of a joint are said to be __________ muscles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two muscles whose contraction produces the same...

Question 7

Some of the supplementary motor area is in the

Accepted Answer

A)   longitudinal fissure.
B)   lateral fissure.
C)   parietal cortex.
D)   temporal cortex.
E)   inferotemporal cortex.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

Discuss the organization and functions of primary motor cortex. Compare the traditional view with the modern view, emphasizing the relevant evidence.

Accepted Answer

20% for describing traditional...

Question 9

Which of the following brain stem structures receives direct sensory information about balance?

Accepted Answer

A)   cerebellum
B)   reticular formation
C)   vestibular nucleus
D)   tectum
E)   red nucleusF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

All of the motor neurons that innervate the fibers of a single muscle are called its

Accepted Answer

A)   motor unit.
B)   discharge unit.
C)   motor pool.
D)   antagonists.
E)   agonists.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

The two descending __________ motor pathways control movements of the trunk.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The two descending __________ motor pathways control...

Question 12

Without the sensory feedback carried by the somatosensory nerves of the arms, human neurological patients, such as G. O., have difficulty

Accepted Answer

A)   swatting a fly.
B)   maintaining a constant appropriate level of manual muscle contraction.
C)   adjusting the output of the muscles of their arms to compensate for unexpected external disturbances (e.g., somebody brushing against an arm) .
D)   all of the above
E)   both B and CF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

Theories of sensorimotor learning emphasize two kinds of learning-related changes in sensorimotor programs:

Accepted Answer

A)   chunking and increasing conscious control of the learned sensorimotor response.
B)   transferring the neural control of the learned sensorimotor response to lower levels of the CNS and increasing conscious control of it.
C)   chunking and increasing the degree of neural control.
D)   transferring the neural control of the learned sensorimotor response to higher levels of the CNS and increasing the conscious control of it.
E)   chunking and transferring much of the control of the response to lower levels of the nervous system.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

According to current theory, the sensorimotor system

Accepted Answer

A)   is largely ballistic.
B)   is largely, if not entirely, ipsilateral.
C)   comprises a hierarchy of central sensorimotor programs.
D)   all of the above
E)   both A and BF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Large lesions to the right parietal lobe sometimes produce

Accepted Answer

A)   ipsilateral astereognosia.
B)   contralateral neglect.
C)   apraxia.
D)   all of the above
E)   both A and CF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

Neurons descending from the primary motor cortex in the corticorubrospinal tract synapse in the __________ before the tract reaches the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Neurons descending from the primary motor cortex...

Question 17

Which of the following requires an inhibitory interneuron?

Accepted Answer

A)   reciprocal innervation
B)   recurrent collateral inhibition
C)   isometric contraction
D)   all of the above
E)   both A and BF) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Discuss the concept of central sensorimotor programs. Describe and discuss three of their important features.

Accepted Answer

25% for explaining t...

Question 19

In general, the ventromedial descending motor tracts control the muscles of the

Accepted Answer

A)   thumbs.
B)   fingers.
C)   trunk.
D)   toes.
E)   face.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 20

Patients with __________ have particular difficulty making accurate movements when asked to do so, particularly when they are asked to make them out of context.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Patients with __________ have particular difficulty making...

Exam 8: The Sensorimotor System

The motor neuron illustrated here is

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Large lesions to the right parietal lobe sometimes produce

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the organization and functions of primary motor cortex. Compare the traditional view with the modern view, emphasizing the relevant evidence.

Correct Answerverified20% for describing traditional...View AnswerShow Answer

The decussation in the medullary pyramids is part of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some of the supplementary motor area is in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Theories of sensorimotor learning emphasize two kinds of learning-related changes in sensorimotor programs:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The patellar tendon reflex is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The consequences of widespread cerebellar damage include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following brain stem structures receives direct sensory information about balance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In general, the ventromedial descending motor tracts control the muscles of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two descending __________ motor pathways control movements of the trunk.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the concept of central sensorimotor programs. Describe and discuss three of their important features.

Correct Answerverified25% for explaining t...View AnswerShow Answer

Without the sensory feedback carried by the somatosensory nerves of the arms, human neurological patients, such as G. O., have difficulty

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neurons descending from the primary motor cortex in the corticorubrospinal tract synapse in the __________ before the tract reaches the spinal cord.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following requires an inhibitory interneuron?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Patients with __________ have particular difficulty making accurate movements when asked to do so, particularly when they are asked to make them out of context.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Like the sensory systems, the sensorimotor system is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the motor neurons that innervate the fibers of a single muscle are called its

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to current theory, the sensorimotor system

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two muscles whose contraction produces the same movement of a joint are said to be __________ muscles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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25% for explaining t...
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