Question 1

Besides reef-building corals,the most important organisms that help form coral reefs are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Sponges.
B)  Molluscs.
C)  Bryozoans.
D)  Coralline algae.
E)  Forams.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Which of the following is the latest stage in coral reef development on volcanic islands?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fringing reef
B)  Barrier Reef
C)  Atoll
D)  Patch reefE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Reef corals compete with soft corals for space.One competitive advantage of soft corals is their:

Accepted Answer

A)  Color.
B)  Toxic chemicals.
C)  Special stinging cells.
D)  Ability to destroy zooxanthellae of corals.
E)  Ability to dissolve the skeleton of corals.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 4

Deep-water mound-building corals lack which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcium-carbonate
B)  Any type of polyp structure
C)  The ability to sexually reproduce
D)  ZooxanthellaeE) A) and C)
F) None of the above D

Question 5

Spur-and-groove formations,or buttresses,appear to be the result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Fish grazing.
B)  The death of coralline algae.
C)  Accumulation of sand.
D)  The death of coral after a series of very low tides.
E)  Wind and waves.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

The recruitment of coral reef fishes seems to be the result of one of these phenomena:

Accepted Answer

A)  Species tend to avoid competition.
B)  Each species has its own ecological niche but it is modified to avoid direct competition.
C)  Corals over compete other organisms as long as they keep their zooxanthellae.
D)  The outcome of competition is based mostly on chance.
E)  Species actually chose when to compete and when to move elsewhere.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 7

Eutrophication is very detrimental to the development of coral since it increases:

Accepted Answer

A)  The amount of nutrients in the water,hence providing the conditionsfor the overgrowth of algae.
B)  The temperature of the water,which kills the corals.
C)  The temperature of the water,which kills the zooxanthellae.
D)  The salinity of the water,which kills the corals.
E)  The amount of pollutants in the water.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 8

Giant clams are very large in size because of they:

Accepted Answer

A)  Utilize dissolved organic matter from the water.
B)  Filter a large volume of water.
C)  Are deposit as well as a suspension feeder.
D)  Are parasites when young.
E)  Have zooxanthellae.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above E

Question 9

Which of the following is not used directly by corals for nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Zooxanthellae
B)  Mesenterial filaments
C)  Photosynthesis
D)  Mucus
E)  TentaclesF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

The most common type of coral reefs around the world are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Barrier.
B)  Atolls.
C)  Coral knolls.
D)  Oyster reefs.
E)  Fringing.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D) E

Question 11

A toxicity that can develop when herbivorous fish ingest too many dinoflagullates is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Obligate symbiosis.
B)  Parasitosis.
C)  Undulate fever.
D)  Ciguatera.
E)  Tularemia.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

Generally,an important distinction between barrier and fringing reefs is that barrier reefs:

Accepted Answer

A)  Develop from atolls.
B)  Develop farther away from land.
C)  Are found only in the Pacific.
D)  Are found only in the Caribbean.
E)  Do not have a reef flat.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

Reef-building corals grow only in shallow water because:

Accepted Answer

A)  Salinity varies less in shallow water.
B)  Zooxanthellae need light for photosynthesis.
C)  Calcium carbonate is only available in shallow water.
D)  Nutrients concentrate in shallow water.
E)  Shallow water contains more dissolved organic matter (DOM) .F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

Most atolls are found in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Indo-West Pacific region.
B)  Caribbean.
C)  Eastern Pacific along Central America.
D)  The eastern Atlantic.
E)  Western Pacific along the Australian coast.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 15

Coral reefs are important and very unique ecosystems because they have more ______________ than any other comparible area of the world's oceans.

Accepted Answer

A)  Water flow and wave action.
B)  Greatest amount of biodiversity.
C)  Most detritus production.
D)  Greatest sediment accumulation.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Fringing and barrier reefs develop:

Accepted Answer

A)  In waters along estuaries.
B)  In the open ocean far from land.
C)  Along a coast.
D)  Around islands in temperate regions.
E)  Near atolls.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 17

Primary production is very high in coral reefs but low in surrounding waters.One reason for this is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Coralline algae and other algae are very abundant.
B)  There is abundant carbon dioxide in coral reefs.
C)  Nutrients are efficiently recycled within the reef community.
D)  Zooxanthellae increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water.
E)  Turf algae release nutrients.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

Zooxanthellae are essential to reef-building corals because they:

Accepted Answer

A)  Provide the coral with carbon dioxide.
B)  Filter-out harmful solar radiation.
C)  Provide the coral with protection from predators.
D)  Release mucus.
E)  Help in the deposition of the calcium-carbonate skeleton.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

In a typical fringing reef,most of the living coral is found on the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Reef flat.
B)  Fore reef.
C)  Reef crest.
D)  Reef slope.
E)  Coral knolls.F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 20

Reef-building corals are cnidarians that are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Having both a polyp and medusa stage.
B)  Lacking nematocysts.
C)  Having mostly a medusa stage.
D)  Lacking a mouth.
E)  Having only a polyp stage.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Exam 14: Coral Reefs

Besides reef-building corals,the most important organisms that help form coral reefs are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the latest stage in coral reef development on volcanic islands?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reef corals compete with soft corals for space.One competitive advantage of soft corals is their:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deep-water mound-building corals lack which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Spur-and-groove formations,or buttresses,appear to be the result of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The recruitment of coral reef fishes seems to be the result of one of these phenomena:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eutrophication is very detrimental to the development of coral since it increases:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Giant clams are very large in size because of they:

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Which of the following is not used directly by corals for nutrition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most common type of coral reefs around the world are:

Correct AnswerverifiedE

A toxicity that can develop when herbivorous fish ingest too many dinoflagullates is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Generally,an important distinction between barrier and fringing reefs is that barrier reefs:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reef-building corals grow only in shallow water because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most atolls are found in the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Coral reefs are important and very unique ecosystems because they have more ______________ than any other comparible area of the world's oceans.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fringing and barrier reefs develop:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Primary production is very high in coral reefs but low in surrounding waters.One reason for this is that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Zooxanthellae are essential to reef-building corals because they:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a typical fringing reef,most of the living coral is found on the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reef-building corals are cnidarians that are characterized by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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