Question 1

In 1928 Frederick Griffith discovered that Streptococcus pneumonia caused pneumonia in mice. In his experiments, mice were injected with different strains of treated and untreated bacteria. Which of the following is not likely to have occurred in the series of experiments by Griffith?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mice injected with living S (pathogenic)  strain die.
B)   Mice injected with living R (nonpathogenic)  strain live.
C)   Mice injected with living R plus heat-killed S die.
D)   Mice injected with living S plus heat-killed R live.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Discuss scientific findings at the time that provided the necessary context for the proposed structure of DNA by Watson and Crick in 1953.

Accepted Answer

In the early 1950s, several key scientif...

Question 3

Sodium hydroxide denatures both proteins and nucleic acids, while phenol denatures proteins but not nucleic acids. In the transformation experiments performed by Griffith with Streptococcus pnemoniae, what result would be expected if an extract of S-strain bacteria was treated with phenol? What would be expected if it was treated with sodium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

If an extract of S-strain bacteria was t...

Question 4

In the 1950s, Hershey and Chase conducted a now famous experiment to determine whether DNA or protein carried the hereditary information in bacteriophage T2. What method did they used to selectively label the DNA and protein components of bacteriophage T2?

Accepted Answer

A)   35S to label the DNA and 32P to label the protein
B)   35S to label the protein and 32P to label the DNA
C)   35P to label the protein and 32S to label the DNA
D)   none of the aboveE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Define the terms "in vivo" and "in vitro."

Accepted Answer

The terms "in vivo" and "in vitro" are u...

Question 6

The Augustinian monk, Gregor Johann Mendel, crossed yellow-seeded and green-seeded pea plants and then allowed the offspring to self-pollinate to produce an F2 generation. The results were as follows: 6018 yellow and 2002 green (8020 total) . The allele for green seeds has what relationship to the allele for yellow seeds?

Accepted Answer

A)   semidominant
B)   incompletely dominant
C)   recessive
D)   dominantE) B) and D)
F) A) and D) C

Question 7

The discovery by Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty that Griffith's transforming principle was DNA came as a surprise to scientists at the time. Provide an explanation for why their finding was unexpected.

Accepted Answer

The finding by Avery, MacLeod, and McCar...

Question 8

Explain how Tomoko Ohta's "nearly neutral" theory of molecular evolution reconciled the differences between neutral evolutionary theory and selection evolutionary theory.

Accepted Answer

Tomoko Ohta's "nearly neutral" theory of...

Question 9

Explain how technological advances allowed Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase to carry out their classic experiment in 1952.

Accepted Answer

Technological advances in the field of m...

Question 10

Darwin's original theory of evolution recognized ________________ variations.

Accepted Answer

A)   advantageous, deleterious, and neutral
B)   advantageous, deleterious, and dominant
C)   dominant, recessive, and advantageous
D)   neutral, dominant, and recessiveE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

The primary principle of the "neutral" theory of natural selection is that

Accepted Answer

A)   evolution is primarily driven by purifying selection against deleterious mutations.
B)   advantageous and deleterious mutations play an equal role in evolution.
C)   genetic drift by random allele fixation plays a dominant role in evolution.
D)   it is impossible to deduce whether observed allele frequencies are caused by positive or negative selection.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Neo-Darwinism did not recognize a significant role of _________________ variation in evolution.

Accepted Answer

A)   advantageous
B)   deleterious
C)   adaptive
D)   neutralE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following theories suggests that mutations create a pool of genetic diversity that may undergo selection at a later time when conditions change?

Accepted Answer

A)   Darwinism
B)   Neo-Darwinism
C)   Neutral Theory
D)   Nearly Neutral TheoryE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

The classic experiment performed by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase revealed:

Accepted Answer

A)   RNA was not the hereditary material.
B)   Microbes could exchange genetic information.
C)   In a bacteriophage infection, protein was transferred into the infected bacterial cell.
D)   In a bacteriophage infection, DNA was transferred into the infected bacterial cell.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

In 1928, Frederick Griffith injected living S (smooth)  Streptococcus pneumonia into mice, and the mice died. When he injected living R (rough)  Streptococcus pneumonia into mice, the mice lived. When he injected heat-killed S bacteria into mice, the mice lived. What was the result when he mixed heat-killed S bacteria with live R bacteria and injected this mixture into mice?

Accepted Answer

A)   The mice died, and living bacteria that appeared smooth could be isolated from the dead mice.
B)   The mice lived, and living bacteria that appeared smooth could be isolated from the living mice.
C)   The mice died, indicating that the heat-killed S bacteria came back to life.
D)   The mice lived and neither smooth nor rough-appearing bacteria could be isolated from the living mice.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Four independent methionine auxotrophs of Neurospora were studied to determine which related compounds might substitute for their methionine requirement. In the table below "+" indicates growth on minimal medium supplemented with the indicated compound, and "-" indicates no growth.
‪  Based on the results, give the order of these four compounds in the biosynthetic pathway of methionine.

Accepted Answer

The order of the four compounds in the b...

Question 17

In 1944, Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty used an in vitro agglutination assay to demonstrate that purified DNA was sufficient to cause transformation of cells, and that the transforming factor could be destroyed by

Accepted Answer

A)   ribonucleases but not by deoxyribonuclease or protease enzymes.
B)   proteases but not by deoxyribonuclease or ribonuclease enzymes.
C)   deoxyribonucleases but not by protease or ribonuclease enzymes.
D)   both deoxyribonucleases and proteases but not by ribonuclease enzymes.E) None of the above
F) A) and B) C

Question 18

Beadle and Tatum's "one gene - one enzyme" hypothesis was later revised to the

Accepted Answer

A)   one gene - one polypeptide hypothesis.
B)   one gene - one protein hypothesis.
C)   one gene - one DNA molecule hypothesis.
D)   one gene - one enzyme, one lipid, one RNA molecule, or one carbohydrate hypothesis.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D) A

Question 19

The basic principles of genetics attributed to Gregor Johann Mendel are:

Accepted Answer

A)   the laws of segregation and independent assortment
B)   the Punnett square
C)   the concept of dominant and recessive traits
D)   A and C
E)   A, B, and CF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick proposed

Accepted Answer

A)   the tetranucleotide structure of DNA.
B)   the one gene - one enzyme hypothesis.
C)   the double helix as a model for the structure of DNA.
D)   that Griffith's transforming principle was DNA.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Exam 1: The Beginnings of Molecular Biology

In 1928 Frederick Griffith discovered that Streptococcus pneumonia caused pneumonia in mice. In his experiments, mice were injected with different strains of treated and untreated bacteria. Which of the following is not likely to have occurred in the series of experiments by Griffith?

Correct Answer
verified

Discuss scientific findings at the time that provided the necessary context for the proposed structure of DNA by Watson and Crick in 1953.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
In the early 1950s, several key scientif...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
If an extract of S-strain bacteria was t...
View Answer

In the 1950s, Hershey and Chase conducted a now famous experiment to determine whether DNA or protein carried the hereditary information in bacteriophage T2. What method did they used to selectively label the DNA and protein components of bacteriophage T2?

Correct Answer
verified

Define the terms "in vivo" and "in vitro."

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The terms "in vivo" and "in vitro" are u...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
C

The discovery by Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty that Griffith's transforming principle was DNA came as a surprise to scientists at the time. Provide an explanation for why their finding was unexpected.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The finding by Avery, MacLeod, and McCar...
View Answer

Explain how Tomoko Ohta's "nearly neutral" theory of molecular evolution reconciled the differences between neutral evolutionary theory and selection evolutionary theory.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Tomoko Ohta's "nearly neutral" theory of...
View Answer

Explain how technological advances allowed Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase to carry out their classic experiment in 1952.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Technological advances in the field of m...
View Answer

Darwin's original theory of evolution recognized ________________ variations.

Correct Answer
verified

The primary principle of the "neutral" theory of natural selection is that

Correct Answer
verified

Neo-Darwinism did not recognize a significant role of _________________ variation in evolution.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following theories suggests that mutations create a pool of genetic diversity that may undergo selection at a later time when conditions change?

Correct Answer
verified

The classic experiment performed by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase revealed:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The order of the four compounds in the b...
View Answer

In 1944, Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty used an in vitro agglutination assay to demonstrate that purified DNA was sufficient to cause transformation of cells, and that the transforming factor could be destroyed by

Correct Answer
verified
C

Beadle and Tatum's "one gene - one enzyme" hypothesis was later revised to the

Correct Answer
verified
A

The basic principles of genetics attributed to Gregor Johann Mendel are:

Correct Answer
verified

In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick proposed

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 1: The Beginnings of Molecular Biology

In 1928 Frederick Griffith discovered that Streptococcus pneumonia caused pneumonia in mice. In his experiments, mice were injected with different strains of treated and untreated bacteria. Which of the following is not likely to have occurred in the series of experiments by Griffith?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss scientific findings at the time that provided the necessary context for the proposed structure of DNA by Watson and Crick in 1953.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIIn the early 1950s, several key scientif...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedIf an extract of S-strain bacteria was t...View AnswerShow Answer

In the 1950s, Hershey and Chase conducted a now famous experiment to determine whether DNA or protein carried the hereditary information in bacteriophage T2. What method did they used to selectively label the DNA and protein components of bacteriophage T2?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define the terms "in vivo" and "in vitro."

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe terms "in vivo" and "in vitro" are u...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The discovery by Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty that Griffith's transforming principle was DNA came as a surprise to scientists at the time. Provide an explanation for why their finding was unexpected.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe finding by Avery, MacLeod, and McCar...View AnswerShow Answer

Explain how Tomoko Ohta's "nearly neutral" theory of molecular evolution reconciled the differences between neutral evolutionary theory and selection evolutionary theory.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AITomoko Ohta's "nearly neutral" theory of...View AnswerShow Answer

Explain how technological advances allowed Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase to carry out their classic experiment in 1952.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AITechnological advances in the field of m...View AnswerShow Answer

Darwin's original theory of evolution recognized ________________ variations.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary principle of the "neutral" theory of natural selection is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neo-Darwinism did not recognize a significant role of _________________ variation in evolution.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following theories suggests that mutations create a pool of genetic diversity that may undergo selection at a later time when conditions change?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The classic experiment performed by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase revealed:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedThe order of the four compounds in the b...View AnswerShow Answer

In 1944, Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty used an in vitro agglutination assay to demonstrate that purified DNA was sufficient to cause transformation of cells, and that the transforming factor could be destroyed by

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Beadle and Tatum's "one gene - one enzyme" hypothesis was later revised to the

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The basic principles of genetics attributed to Gregor Johann Mendel are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick proposed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
In the early 1950s, several key scientif...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
If an extract of S-strain bacteria was t...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The terms "in vivo" and "in vitro" are u...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The finding by Avery, MacLeod, and McCar...
View Answer

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Tomoko Ohta's "nearly neutral" theory of...
View Answer

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Technological advances in the field of m...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The order of the four compounds in the b...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified