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Research ethics require that subjects be informed regarding what their participation in a research project will involve.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is NOT true of surveys?


A) They tend to have very low nonresponse rates.
B) They allow researchers to gather data from large samples.
C) They tend to be more cost-efficient than other types of research.
D) The results obtained from surveys are more generalizable than those obtained from case studies.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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A direct consequence of the shift in funding sources from federal agencies to drug companies has been a(n) :


A) de-emphasis on the psychosocial aspects of human sexual functioning.
B) improvement in women's health.
C) decline in integrity of scientific peer review.
D) increase in the use of the experimental method.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Axel spends a lot of time viewing violent pornography. Axel's roommate, Ira, does not like violent pornography and makes an effort to avoid it. Compared to Ira, Axel . . .


A) is less likely to tolerate sexually aggressive behavior toward women.
B) is less likely to express sympathy for a rape victim.
C) is more likely to believe that women want to be raped.
D) is more likely to commit rape.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Specify at least four criteria for evaluating a piece of research.

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1. Methodology: The research methodology...

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Kinsey's studies on American sexuality were pioneering but limited, because his sample included ____.


A) a disproportionate number of better educated persons.
B) nonvolunteers.
C) large numbers of people from rural areas.
D) mostly older adults.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Specify some potential advantages and potential problems with research conducted over the Internet.

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Potential advantages of conducting resea...

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For her dissertation project, Tolu intends to interview people who identify themselves as having test anxiety regarding the origins of their fears and what they do to cope. Destiny's dissertation involves interviewing college students about their first episode of sexual intercourse, including whether they saw it as a positive experience. Compared to Tolu, Destiny…


A) likely will have less difficulty recruiting subjects.
B) will not need to worry as much about her subjects changing their responses to make themselves look better.
C) likely will have more difficulty finding people willing to participate in her study.
D) likely will get more accurate responses from her subjects.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Describe and comment briefly on the evidence concerning the relationship between exposure to sexually violent pornography and rape.

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The evidence concerning the relationship...

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The penile strain gauge:


A) is designed to measure the amount of semen discharge.
B) has the disadvantage that a trained professional must attach it.
C) has been used to measure arousal in experimental research.
D) has been developed only with the advent of 21st century technology.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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At present, a "digital divide" exists, meaning that:


A) the technology needed for research lags behind the needs of researchers.
B) Internet users tend to be older, less educated, and less affluent than nonusers.
C) Internet users are still not representative of the general U.S. population.
D) researchers conducting sex research on the Internet find it difficult to recruit hidden populations of geographically isolated participants.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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John is studying the case of a Bruce, 35-year-old male who lost his penis at circumcision. John interviews all the family members, reads medical records, and writes a book about the topic, focusing on how the surgery has affected Bruce's self-concept, gender identity, and sexual behavior. Most likely, John considers himself a . . .


A) humanist.
B) social psychologist.
C) sexologist.
D) forensic psychologist.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Questionnaires and interviews:


A) both involve asking a set of questions.
B) may involve multiple-choice, true or false, or discussion questions.
C) allow subjects to respond alone, in their own homes, or with a researcher.
D) have all of the above characteristics.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following studies provided one of the most expansive, nationally representative studies of sexual behavior and condom use to date?


A) Kinsey studies
B) Masters and Johnson studies
C) NHSLS survey
D) NSSHB survey

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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In the experimental method, the ____ variable is controlled by the researcher while the ____ variable is the outcome that the experimenter observes and records.


A) dependent; independent
B) independent; dependent
C) random; representative
D) representative; random

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Landmark studies involving direct observation of physiological arousal during sexual activity were conducted by. . . ​


A) Sigmund Freud.
B) Virginia Masters and William Johnson.
C) Alfred Kinsey.
D) Sylvester Graham.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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All of the following are limitations of the case study method EXCEPT the:


A) memory distortions in recalling past events.
B) difficulty in generalizing what is learned to the larger population.
C) inflexible data-gathering procedures.
D) inappropriateness for addressing some kinds of research questions.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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A vaginal photoplethysmograph:


A) measures increased vaginal blood volume.
B) measures increased vaginal lubrication.
C) measures genital arousal.
D) records orgasmic contractions.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Teenagers are more willing to share sensitive information about sexual behavior when they are working with a computer.

A) True
B) False

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All of the following are goals of sexologists EXCEPT:


A) understanding sexual behavior.
B) promoting sexual behavior.
C) predicting sexual behavior.
D) controlling sexual behavior.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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