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Exam 8: Microbial Genetics

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Question 21

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A gene is best defined as

A) a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a functional product.
B) a sequence of nucleotides in RNA that codes for a functional product.
C) any random segment of DNA.
D) the RNA product of a transcribed section of DNA.
E) three nucleotides that code for an amino acid.

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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Question 22

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According to the operon model, for the synthesis of an inducible enzyme to occur, the

A) repressor must bind to the operator.
B) end-product must not be in excess.
C) substrate must bind to the enzyme.
D) repressor must not be synthesized.
E) substrate must bind to the repressor.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Question 23

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Recombination will always alter a cellʹs genotype.

Cell-to-cell contact is required for transduction to occur.

Figure 8.3 - Metabolic Pathway $\begin{array} { c c } \text { Gene } a & \text { Gene } b \\\downarrow & \downarrow \\\text { Enzyme A } & \text { Enzyme B } \\\downarrow & \downarrow \\\text { Compound A } & \rightarrow \text { Compound B } \rightarrow \text { Compound C }\end{array}$ -In Figure 8.3, if compound C reacts with the allosteric site of enzyme A, this would exemplify

The miRNAs in a cell

An enzyme that makes covalent bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate groups in another nucleotide in DNA is

Figure 8.3 - Metabolic Pathway $\begin{array} { c c } \text { Gene } a & \text { Gene } b \\\downarrow & \downarrow \\\text { Enzyme A } & \text { Enzyme B } \\\downarrow & \downarrow \\\text { Compound A } & \rightarrow \text { Compound B } \rightarrow \text { Compound C }\end{array}$ -In Figure 8.3, if enzyme A is a repressible enzyme, compound C would

Protein synthesis in eukaryotes is similar to the process in prokaryotes in that both eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Which of the following statements regarding a bacterium that is R+ is FALSE?

Repair of damaged DNA, in some instances and mechanisms, might be viewed as a race between an endonuclease and

Transformation is the transfer of DNA from a donor to a recipient cell

Figure 8.2 -In Figure 8.2, if base 4 is thymine, what is base 11ʹ (remember the complimentary configuration of bases in DNA) ?

Both base substitution and frameshift mutations can result in the formation of premature stop codons.

Figure 8.5 In Figure 8.5, which model of the lac operon correctly shows RNA polymerase, lactose, and repressor protein when the structural genes are being transcribed?

What is the survival value of the degeneracy of the genetic code?

Figure 8.1 In Figure 8.1, which colonies are streptomycin-resistant and leucine-requiring?

Table 8.2 Codon on mRNA and corresponding amino acid $\begin{array} { | l | l | l | l | } \hline \text { UUA } & \text { leucine } & \text { UAA } & \text { nonsense } \\\hline \text { GCA } & \text { alanine } & \text { AAU } & \text { asparagine } \\\hline \text { AAG } & \text { lysine } & \mathrm { UGC } & \text { cysteine } \\\hline \text { GUU } & \text { valine } & \mathrm { UCG } , \mathrm { UCU }& \text { serine } \\\hline\end{array}$ -Refer to Table 8.2. If the sequence of amino acids encoded by a strand of DNA is serine-alanine-lysine-leucine, the coding for the antisense strand of DNA is

In the Ames test, any colonies that form on the control should be the result of spontaneous mutations.

The miRNAs in a cell inhibit protein synthesis by forming complementary bonds with rRNA.