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Which of the following statements is true?


A) In the United States,only registered dietitians and registered dietitian nutritionists can provide nutrition information legally.
B) Registered dietitian nutritionists are not required to update their knowledge of nutrition and dietetics regularly.
C) The First Amendment of the U.S.Constitution often protects people who spread nutrition misinformation.
D) Pseudoscience is the scientific study of the causation and treatment of chronic diseases.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation?


A) When older adults increase their daily intake of vitamin D,the percentage of the adults that develops infections decreases.
B) When teenagers decrease their usual intake of sugar-sweetened beverages,their body fat level declines.
C) When a population consumes fewer fruits and vegetables,the percentage of people in that population with scurvy increases.
D) When teenage girls decrease their intake of iron-rich foods,the percentage of the girls who have iron-deficiency increases.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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A group of nutrition researchers interviews 100 adults who have chronic high blood pressure to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets low in calcium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood.This study is an example of a ____ study.


A) retrospective
B) prospective
C) case-control
D) macrosomatic

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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_____ can be classified as a dietary supplement.


A) Wheat germ
B) Chewing tobacco
C) Red wine
D) Bitter orange

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use to identify lifestyle factors that may be related to the development of liver cancer in an adult population?


A) Single-blind study
B) Double-blind study
C) Retrospective study
D) Experimental study

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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A scientist adds 5 mcg of the mineral cadmium to the daily diet of 100 4-week-old laboratory mice.After twelve weeks,the researcher weighs and takes blood samples from each mouse.According to her findings,the mice lost weight during the 12-week period and they have abnormal levels of certain hormones in their blood.Based on this information and your knowledge of scientific research,what would you tell the researcher about her findings?


A) Her results are very interesting and she should report her findings to nutrition scientists,so they can repeat her study and confirm the results.
B) The findings need to be summarized in a research article for submission to a peer-reviewed nutrition journal.
C) She needs to conduct more tests on the animals' blood,because her findings are incomplete.
D) The findings are not meaningful or valid because of the way she designed her study.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Scientists would like to conduct a study to identify lifestyle factors that are associated with delayed physical growth among a group of low-income American children.Which of the following research designs would be the best for the researchers to use when designing their study?


A) Interventional
B) Epidemiological
C) Double-blind
D) Human in-vivo experimental

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements is true?


A) Disclaimers are clues that a product may not meet your expectations or the manufacturer's claims.
B) Anyone who earns a nutrition degree from a 4-year college can refer to himself or herself as an RDN.
C) Scientific evidence supports the effectiveness of most forms of alternative health care.
D) A person with a PhD who promotes drinking vinegar as the cure for lung cancer is practicing conventional medicine.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following periodicals features peer-reviewed articles?


A) Ladies Home Journal
B) National Geographic Magazine
C) Journal of the American Medical Association
D) Men's Journal

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements is true?


A) Scientific evidence supports the effectiveness of most forms of alternative health care.
B) The RDN credential can be used by anyone who earns a college nutrition degree.
C) A person with a PhD who promotes drinking vinegar as the cure for lung cancer is practicing quackery.
D) Disclaimers are clues that a product will meet your expectations or the manufacturer's claims.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following observations is an example of a negative (an inverse) correlation?


A) When a group of adults increases their intake of fruits and vegetables,the percentage of people in the group who have high blood levels of vitamin C levels increases.
B) When a group of older adults increases their intake of high-fiber foods,the percentage of people in the group who develop intestinal cancer decreases.
C) When a group of children eat more sugary foods,the percentage of children in the group who develop two or more decayed teeth increases.
D) When a group of people decreases their physical activity levels,the percentage of people in the group with healthy levels of body fat decreases.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Actress Lotta Talent appears in commercials endorsing a dietary supplement containing a substance from dandelions for weight loss.Her endorsement is an example of a(n) ________.


A) testimonial
B) anecdote
C) factoid
D) purport

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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A nutrition researcher adds 30 mg of the mineral iron to the daily diet of 50 4-week-old laboratory mice.After ten weeks,the scientist takes blood samples from each mouse.According to his findings,the mice developed abnormal levels of certain enzymes in their red blood cells.Based on this information and your knowledge of scientific research,what would you tell him?


A) He should report his findings to other nutrition scientists,so they can repeat his study and confirm the results.
B) He should consider his findings as an observation and redesign the study to include a control group.
C) He should prepare a research article that describes his study and its results for submission to a peer-reviewed
Nutrition journal.
D) He should call a press conference and report his findings to the public,so they can avoid consuming excess iron.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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