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The principle that the Supreme Court used in overturning Fulton's monopoly on a New York steamboat operation was that


A) a monopoly is a restraint on trade.
B) patents cannot be issued on recent technology.
C) state law cannot prevail over federal law.
D) interstate commerce cannot be regulated.
E) the indirect effects of commerce are beyond the scope of government regulation.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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Congress was very supportive of Franklin Roosevelt's court­packing plan.

A) True
B) False

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At the outset of the New Deal,the Supreme Court was dominated by justices who opposed the welfare state and federal regulation.

A) True
B) False

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Fee shifting is the practice of


A) dividing attorneys' fees among all participants in a class­action suit.
B) reducing fees if the votes of appellate court judges are divided.
C) getting the government to pay the fees of all parties.
D) having attorneys adjust their fees according to their experience and the damages awarded.
E) getting the loser to pay court costs.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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One basic difference between a constitutional court and a legislative court is that


A) constitutional court judges handle cases that need not be decided by the Supreme Court.
B) constitutional court judges cannot be fired.
C) legislative court judges handle cases that need not be decided by the Supreme Court.
D) legislative court judges cannot be fired.
E) legislative court judges are not confirmed by the Senate.

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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The authors suggest the chief motive for using the litmus test involves a judicial nominee's views on


A) abortion.
B) affirmative action.
C) gender discrimination.
D) the rights of criminal defendants.
E) states' rights.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

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In ,the Supreme Court ruled that the Court can review the decisions of the highest state courts if they involve a federal law or the federal Constitution.


A) Marbury v.Madison
B) Martin v.Hunter's Lessee
C) McCulloch v.Maryland
D) Ex parte McCardle
E) Ex parte Milligan

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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The Founders expected the Court to have a large role in making public policy.

A) True
B) False

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In response to a Supreme Court decision governing citizens suing a state in federal courts,the was added to the Constitution.


A) Ninth Amendment
B) Tenth Amendment
C) Eleventh Amendment
D) Thirteenth Amendment
E) Sixteenth Amendment

F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

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